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Base Quantities
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Derived Quantities
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Base quantities are the quantities on the
basis of which all other quantities are expressed.
Examples:
Length, mass, time, electric current,
temperature, intensity of light and amount of substance.
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Derived quantities are the quantities which
are expressed in terms of Base quantities.
Examples:
Volume, speed, force, work, energy, power
and charge.
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Story : Shaikh Chilli
Sheikh chilli was one day carrying a basket full of eggs to sell
in the market. On the way he said himself, “I shall get a good sum of money for
these eggs. With this money I shall buy hens. The hens will have chickens, and
they will become many in number. I shall make a good fortune out of them. Soon
I shall be one of the richest merchants of the town.
He went on thinking, “I will marry a rich wife. Then I shall
have children. If my wife and children do not obey me, I shall be angry. They
will try to please me. When they come near me, I shall kick them thus.
So saying he kicked the air. In doing so he took his hands off
the basket. The Basket fell on the ground, and the eggs lay broken in a heap.
Moral :- It is useless to build castles in the air.
Introduction to Physics
Physics: “The most
fundamental division of physical sciences which deals which the study of
energy, matter and their mutual relationship.”
Branches
Of Physics:
There are 10
branches of Physics:
1- Mechanics
2- Heat and Thermodynamics
3- Sound
4- Light
5- Electromagnetism
6- Atomic Physics
7- Nuclear Physics
8- Geo Physics
9- Plasma Physics
10- Solid State Physics
Mechanics:
“It is the study of motion of objects, its
causes and effects.”
Heat: “It deals with the nature of heat, its mode of transfer and
effects of heat.”
Light: “It is the study of physical aspects of light, its properties,
working and use of the optical instruments.”
Sound: “It deals with the physical aspects of sound waves, their
production, properties and applications.”
Electromagnetism:
“It is the study of the charges at rest and in
motion and their relationship with the magnetism.”
Atomic
Physics: “It is the study of structure and
properties of atoms.”
Nuclear
Physics: “It deals with the properties and
behavior of nuclei and particles within the nuclei.”
Plasma
Physics: “It is the study of production,
properties of the ionic state of matter….. the fourth state of matter.”
Geophysics:
“It is the study of the internal structure of
the earth.
Solid
State Physics: “The study of specific
properties of matter in solid form is called the Solid State Physics.”
Chapter 1: Fundamentals of Chemistry
“The knowledge that provides understanding of
this world and how it works is called Science”
OR
“The knowledge obtained by observations and
experiments.”
Introduction
to Chemistry:
“The branch of science which
deals with the composition, structure, properties and reactions of matter is
called a chemistry.”
OR
“The branch of science which deals with the
composition and properties of matter, changed in matter and laws of principle
which govern those changes is called chemistry.”
Scope of
Chemistry:
1- Petrochemical products
2- Medicines and Drugs
3- Soaps and Detergents
4- Paints and pigments
5- Insecticides and Pesticides
6- Paper and Plastics
Disadvantages
of Chemistry:
1- Toxic wastes
2- Contaminated Water
3- Polluted Air
Chapter 1: Physical
Quantities and Measurements
Introduction To Science
“The knowledge gained through the observations and
experiments is called Science.”
The word
“Science” is derived from a Latin Word “Scientia”, which means knowledge.
Before the
18th century various aspects of material objects were studies under
a single subject called “Natural Philosophy.
Branches of Natural Philosophy:
It was divided
into two branches as following:
1- Physical Sciences
2- Biological Sciences
Physical Sciences: “It deals with the study of non-living
things.”
Biological Sciences: “It deals with the study of living
things.”
Importance of Measurements in Our Life:
Measurements
are not confined to science. They play a vital role in our life to describe and
understand the physical world. Over the centuries, man has worked and improved
the method of measurements.
Chapter 1: The Saviour Of Mankind
Paragraph No.1:
Arabia is
a land of unparalleled charm and beauty, with its trackless deserts of sand
dunes in the dazzling rays of a tropical sun. Its starry sky has excites the
imagination of poets and travellers. It was in this land that the Holy Prophet (P.B.U.H) was born, in the city of Makkah, which is about 50 miles from the Red Sea.
Simple English:
Arabia is
a beautiful land and has matchless charm. It is land of deserts. These deserts
have no path. They’re full of sand dunes. The tropical sun gives very hot rays.
So, its climate is very hot. Its sky is full of stars which presents a
beautiful sight. It has excites the imagination of poets and travellers. In
this land Holy Prophet (P.B.U.H) was born in Makkah which is 50 miles away from
the Red Sea.
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Words
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Meanings
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Synonyms
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Unparalleled
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Unique
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Exceptional
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Beauty
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Colourful
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Loveliness
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Rays
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Streak
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Beam
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Starry
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Full Of Stars
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Shinning
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Charm
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Delight greatly
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Attraction
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Dazzling
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Extremely Bright
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Stunning
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Tropical
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Hot
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Humid
|
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Excited
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Very enthusiastic
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Thrilled
|
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Imagination
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Creative mind Ability
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Mind’s eye
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Travellers
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A person who travels
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Explorer
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Trackless
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Without track
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Untraveled
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Dune
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Mound of sand
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Ridge
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Dear Viewers!
This blog contains the notes of All the subjects of Class 9 Punjab Text Book Board And I'm from Rawalpindi Board. My name is Faraz Amjad Sheikh. I Read in Class 9, The Lasanians, Rawalpindi.
I Hope You''ll Learn very much from my blog
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